Addressing RVI

No common standard-of-care approach has yet been developed to manage RVI in immunocompromised patients.

Goals for Managing RVI

  • Prevention

    Vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, immunoglobulin products, and public health measures aim to reduce RVIs.1

  • Symptom Relief

    Decongestants, analgesics, antitussives, and expectorants can be used for mild disease.1

  • Therapy

    Antiviral therapies are available but are limited by the number of options, a narrow therapeutic window, and susceptibility to mutation.1

Prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for RVI management


  • Vaccination

    Live, attenuated, or protein-based strategies designed to elicit protective immunity to targeted viruses.1

    View Benefits

    Vaccination1
    • Boost or restore immune reponse
    View Strategy

  • IVIG therapy

    Used as Ig replacement for broad-spectrum antibody protection.2

    View Benefits

    IVIG therapy2
    • Boost or restore immune reponse
    • Bind viral particles
    • Anti-inflammatory properties
    View Strategy
  • Hyperimmune IVIG therapy

    Used to provide increased titers of polyclonal antibodies against specific pathogens (ie Respigam®).2-4

    View Benefits
    Hyperimmune IVIG therapy3
    • Boost or restore immune reponse
    • Bind viral particles
    • Anti-inflammatory properties
    • Standardized titers of RVI antibodies
    View Strategy
  • Monoclonal antibodies

    Therapeutic antibodies that target specific epitopes of individual viral surface proteins.1

    View Benefits
    Monoclonal antibodies1
    • Bind viral particles
    View Strategy
  • Antiviral therapy

    Compounds that inhibit key components of the viral life cycle for acute treatment; not necessarily specific to a virus.1

    View Benefits
    Antiviral
    therapy1
    • Interfere with viral metabolism
    View Strategy

Despite a range of approaches to RVI management of immunocompromised patients, there are still a number of unmet needs.

  • No known FDA-approved treatment options

    for parainfluenza, metapneumovirus, or coronavirus.5

  • <50% effectiveness of vaccines

    in immunocompromised patients.6

  • RSV prevention and treatment options are limited to a

    select number of patients7,8

The ideal therapeutic would clear pathogens and mitigate inflammatory responses.

Patients treated with both antiviral and immunomodulatory agents demonstrated significantly lower mortality than those receiving antiviral therapy alone (24% vs 50%; P<.001).9
Connect with ADMA to learn more about RVI in immunocompromised patients.
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IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; RVI, respiratory viral infection.

References

1. Papadopoulos NG, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;140(4):921‐932. 2. Durandy A, et al. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009;158(4 suppl):2-13. 3. Boros P, et al. Liver Transpl. 2005;11(12):1469-1480 4. Wu, H., et al. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2008;317:103-123 5. Peghin M, Danziger-Isakov L. Prevention and treatment of respiratory virus infection. In: Manuel O, Ison M (eds). Infectious Diseases in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients. Springer, Cham. 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Immunogenicity, efficacy, and effectiveness of influenza vaccines. Accessed February 2, 2021. 7. Synagis [prescribing information]. Gaithersburg, MD: MedImmune; 2017. 8. Virazole [prescribing information]. Bridgewater, NJ: Bausch Health US, LLC; 2019. 9. Shah JN, Chemaly RF. Blood. 2011;117(10):2755-2763.